Docker镜像管理

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一、docker镜像管理

#从docker镜像仓库模糊搜索镜像
#用法：
#   docker search 镜像关键字

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker search ubuntu
NAME    DESCRIPTION    STARS     OFFICIAL
ubuntu  DEPRECATED;    7720      [OK]
......以下省略

#字段说明：
NAME:镜像名称
DESCRIPTION:镜像描述 
STARS：镜像星级，数字越大表示用的人越多
OFFICIAL:是否为官方  跟[OK]说明是官方
AUTOMATED: 是否为自动化构建的镜像

1.2、镜像下载-pull命令

从docker指定的仓库下载镜像到本地 用法: docker pull 镜像名称

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest

1.3、本地镜像查看-images命令

查看本地存储的镜像

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
ubuntu     latest    fec8bfd95b54   6 weeks ago     78.1MB


#字段说明：
REPOSITORY:镜像的名字
TAG：镜像的标签
IMAGE ID：镜像的ID号
CREATED：镜像建立时间
SIZE: 镜像大小

1.4、镜像详细信息-inspect命令

# 检查镜像信息Loaded image: ubuntu:latest信息
# 用法:docker inspect [镜像名称或者ID]
[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker inspect ubuntu
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "RepoTags": [
            "ubuntu:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "ubuntu@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177"
        ],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2021-09-15T18:20:05.184694267Z",
        "DockerVersion": "20.10.7",
        "Author": "",
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "sha256:f5b050f177fd426be8fe998a8ecf3fb1858d7e26dff4080b29a327d1bd5ba422",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "ubuntu Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "ubuntu"
            }
        },
        "Architecture": "amd64",
        "Os": "linux",
        "Size": 231268856,
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38989222bbafa264d4fe4c99dd0271a72836b7ba09245ac65f70a7e99675cac4/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38989222bbafa264d4fe4c99dd0271a72836b7ba09245ac65f70a7e99675cac4/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/38989222bbafa264d4fe4c99dd0271a72836b7ba09245ac65f70a7e99675cac4/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "RootFS": {
            "Type": "layers",
            "Layers": [
                "sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59"
            ]
        },
        "Metadata": {
            "LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        }
    }
]

1.5、镜像保存-save命令

保存镜像为压缩文件

用法: docker save -o 压缩文件名称 [镜像名称或者ID]

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker save -o ubuntu_base.tar ubuntu
[root@zuolaoshi ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  ubuntu_base.tar  init.sh

1.6、本地镜像删除-rmi命令

删除本地镜像库中的某个镜像

用法: docker rmi [镜像名称或者ID]

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker rmi ubuntu
Untagged: ubuntu:latest
Untagged: ubuntu@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Deleted: sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6
Deleted: sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59
[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE

1.7、镜像载入-load命令

导入由save保存出来的压缩文件镜像

用法: docker load -i 镜像压缩文件名称 [镜像名称或者ID]

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker load -i ubuntu_base.tar
74ddd0ec08fa: Loading layer  238.6MB/238.6MB
Loaded image: ubuntu:latest

1.8、镜像管理命令-image命令

镜像管理命令，和上面的命令相似

[root@zuolaoshi ~]# docker image --help

Usage:  docker image COMMAND

Manage images

Commands:
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  history     Show the history of an image
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  inspect     Display detailed information on one or more images
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  ls          List images
  prune       Remove unused images
  pull        Download an image from a registry
  push        Upload an image to a registry
  rm          Remove one or more images
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

Run 'docker image COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

# 命令获取所有镜像的 ID
# docker images -aq

# 删除所有镜像
# docker rmi $(docker images -aq)